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How to distinguish between green beans
In order to enjoy the flavor of coffee, it is very important to understand the quality and characteristics of green beans as well as roasted beans. Green beans are coffee beans before they are roasted and are in an unprocessed state. Knowing how to select and distinguish these green beans will allow you to brew better coffee. In this article, we will explain in detail the basic ways to distinguish green beans, the differences based on origin and processing method, and tips for storing them at home.
Basic ways to distinguish between green beans
When selecting raw beans, the first thing to look at is the visible and tactile characteristics of the beans, such as color, shape, aroma, and texture . These are important points to consider when determining the origin, variety, and processing state of the beans.
Bean color
The color of green beans varies from deep green to pale yellow-green. For example, green beans from Ethiopia are characterized by a vibrant green color, while beans from Brazil are a more subdued green with a slightly stronger yellow tinge. This is influenced by how the beans were dried and refined, as well as differences between varieties. Beans with uneven color or unusual darkening often indicate quality issues, so be wary.
Bean shape and size
The shape of raw beans differs greatly between Arabica and Robusta. Arabica beans are oval with a deep crack in the center and are slightly flattened. On the other hand, Robusta beans are rounded and have shallow cracks. Even within the same variety, the shape and size can vary slightly depending on the place of origin and growing environment. Having beans of uniform size is one indicator of good quality.
scent
Green beans have a unique aroma even before roasting. Some have a refreshing, fruity aroma, while others have an earthy or nutty aroma. The aroma of the green beans has a significant impact on the subsequent roasting and extraction, so one of the joys of coffee is choosing beans with the aroma you like. A weak or unpleasant aroma may indicate a decline in freshness or quality.
touch
You can feel the texture and hardness of the surface by actually touching the green beans. A smooth, even surface is a sign of high-quality beans. On the other hand, if the surface is rough or there are many cracked beans, there are often problems with the quality. The hardness of the beans also affects how easily they roast, so it is important to check by touch.
Differences in raw beans depending on origin and processing method
Influence of production area
The taste and aroma of coffee beans vary greatly depending on the climate, soil, altitude, and other conditions of the growing region. The appearance, color, and texture of the raw beans also change accordingly.
- Ethiopia <br data-end="1308" data-start="1305">It has a characteristic fruity and floral aroma, and many of the beans are bright green. The raw beans are also relatively small and round.
- Brazil <br data-end="1374" data-start="1371">These beans are characterized by a sweet taste and a nutty aroma, and are a slightly yellowish-green color. The raw beans are relatively large and uniform in shape.
- Colombia <br data-end="1441" data-start="1438">Characterized by the aroma of nuts and chocolate. Most of the beans are medium-sized and firm.
As the appearance of beans varies depending on the place of origin, it is possible to guess the place of origin to some extent just by looking at the raw beans.
Differences in processing methods
The method of removing the pulp, known as the "refining method," has a major impact on the color and texture of the green beans. There are three main methods:
-
Washed (washing type)
This method involves rinsing the pulp with water and drying only the beans, resulting in a bright green color and a clean, clear flavor. -
Natural (non-washable)
This method involves drying the beans in the sun with the flesh still attached, resulting in a slightly dark green color that tends to accentuate the fruity aroma and sweetness. -
Honey (semi-washed)
This method of drying leaves some of the flesh intact. The color is somewhere between washed and natural, and the balance of sweetness and richness is excellent.
The processing method is an important point to consider when choosing, as it affects not only the appearance of the green beans but also the subsequent roasting and extraction.
Key points for judging the quality of green beans
How to identify defective beans
Among the raw beans, there may be some "defective beans" that lower the quality, such as cracked beans, beans eaten by insects, or beans with mold. These have a negative impact on the taste after roasting, so they need to be removed as much as possible.
You should pay particular attention to the following types of defective beans:
- The color is dark
- Unnaturally small or large shape
- There are holes or cracks on the surface
- There is a moldy or unpleasant odor
If you find this when purchasing, we recommend checking with a trusted source or choosing a different batch.
Bean freshness and storage conditions
Green beans can be stored relatively well even if they are roasted a long time ago, but they are vulnerable to humidity and high temperatures, so their quality can deteriorate depending on the storage conditions. Storing them in a humid environment makes them more susceptible to mold, which will impair their flavor. Also, storing them in direct sunlight or in a high-temperature location will cause oxidation, which will deteriorate the quality of the beans.
When purchasing, it is important to check the store's storage conditions and store the product properly after purchase.
How to store green beans at home
To store your green beans in the best possible condition, please pay attention to the following points.
- Use an airtight container <br data-end="2414" data-start="2411">To prevent moisture and air from getting in, store in an airtight container such as a jar, can or vacuum-sealed bag.
- Store in a cool, dark place <br data-end="2472" data-start="2469">Storing in a cool place with little temperature change will help maintain freshness.
- Freezing is also effective. <br data-end="2523" data-start="2520">If you want to store it for a long period of time, you can put it in the freezer, but be sure to return it to room temperature before roasting. It is easily affected by humidity, so moisture management is important.
By combining these methods, it is possible to keep the green beans fresh for as long as possible.
summary
Understanding how to distinguish between green beans and the differences based on origin and processing method will make choosing coffee beans more enjoyable. The first step to brewing delicious coffee is to select high-quality beans by focusing on basic points such as color, shape, aroma, and texture. Furthermore, by checking for defective beans and paying attention to storage methods, you can maximize the flavor after roasting. Learning how to choose green beans will open up a richer and deeper world of coffee.
