Reading material
What is the roast level of coffee beans? Uncovering the secrets of flavor
The rich flavor of a cup of coffee is determined by many factors, but the degree of roasting is a particularly important factor that affects the taste.
Applying heat to raw beans significantly changes the acidity, bitterness, aroma, and texture (body) of the coffee.
In order to find the "perfect cup of coffee" that suits you, it is important to understand the differences in roasting levels and use that knowledge when choosing beans.
Here we will introduce how the degree of roasting affects the taste, compatibility with brewing equipment, and how to find beans that suit your taste.
What is roast degree? An important indicator of flavor
There are different levels of roasting, from light to dark, each producing a distinct flavor.
Light roasts bring out the beans' natural fruity acidity and light aroma, while darker roasts increase the bitterness, richness, and full-bodied feel.
Main roasting levels and flavor characteristics
|
Roast degree |
color |
Taste trends |
|
Light Roast |
Very light brown |
Strong acidity, light and refreshing taste |
|
Cinnamon Roast |
Light brown |
Light acidity and fruity aroma |
|
Medium roast |
Gentle brown |
A mild taste with a good balance of sourness and bitterness |
|
High Roast |
Fragrant brown |
A good balance of sourness, bitterness and sweetness |
|
City Roast |
Deep coffee brown |
A bitter and rich taste that everyone will enjoy |
|
Full City Roast |
Dark brown (may produce oil) |
Strong bitterness and rich flavor with a mellow aroma |
|
French Roast |
Dark brown, close to black |
Strong bitterness, rich body, and smoky aroma |
|
Italian Roast |
Jet black and oily |
Overwhelming bitterness and punchy richness |
Acidity and Bitterness: The Taste Balance Changes with the Degree of Roast
・Light roast (light to medium)
The bright, refreshing citrus acidity makes this a perfect choice for those who want to enjoy the unique acidity of Ethiopia or Kenya.
・ Medium roast (high to city)
The balance of sourness, bitterness, aroma and sweetness is harmonious, making it easy for anyone to drink .
・ Dark roast (full city to Italian)
It has a strong bitterness and a rich body. The flavor remains strong even when milk or sugar is added, making it suitable for cafe au lait and espresso .
Matching brewing equipment and roast level
・ Hand drip French press
It goes well with medium to dark roasted beans. You can adjust the flavor by adjusting the extraction time and water temperature, bringing out the individual characteristics of the beans.
・ Espresso machine
Extracted in a short time under high pressure, this coffee is best suited to dark roasts (full city to Italian), resulting in a rich flavor and creamy crema.
・ Syphon Aeropress
It is easy to bring out delicate flavors and pairs perfectly with light to medium roasted fruity and vibrant beans.
Aroma: The aroma changes depending on the degree of roasting
・ Light roast
A fresh and gorgeous fragrance with floral, citrus and berry notes.
・ Medium roast
Aromas of nuts, caramel, toast and chocolate.
・ Dark roast
A powerful smoky aroma reminiscent of bitter chocolate.
How to choose the roast level that's right for you
・ Choose by taste
If you like sourness, go for a light roast; if you value bitterness and richness, go for a dark roast; if you value balance, go for a medium roast.
・ Choose by drinking style
If you want to enjoy it black, a light to medium roast is recommended. If you want to add milk or sugar, a dark roast is recommended.
・ Choose by bean origin
Fruity beans (such as Ethiopia) are best roasted lightly, while well-balanced beans (such as Brazil) can be enjoyed in a wide range of flavors.
If you're not sure what to choose, a good way to find your favorite is to try a "tasting set" with different roast levels.
Summary: Learn about roast levels and enjoy the world of coffee
Once you understand the differences in roasting levels, you'll realize that the same beans can have very different flavors .
Try different roast levels, experiment with different brewing methods and drinking styles to find your own cup of coffee. Your world of coffee will become deeper and more enjoyable.
